Makapu agalasi{{0}awiri okhala ndi mipanda, okhala ndi maubwino ake oteteza kutentha, kuteteza kutentha, komanso kumveka bwino kwa kristalo, akhala ziwiya zofala pakumwa mowa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi kumaofesi. Mapangidwe awo owoneka ngati osavuta -amipanda amabisa njira yopangira zida zapamwamba. Kuchokera pa kusankha kwa zinthu zopangira mpaka kumaliza kubweretsa zinthu, amawongolera mwamphamvu njira zingapo, iliyonse imakhudza kwambiri kapu komanso moyo wake.
Zopangira zopangira-makapu agalasi okhala ndi mipanda ndi magalasi apamwamba a borosilicate. Galasi la mtundu umenewu ndi losatentha-losasunthika, siligwira ntchito-losamva fungo, ndipo limatha kupirira kutentha kwadzidzidzi popanda kusweka. Zopangirazo zimaphwanyidwa, kutsukidwa, ndikuchotsedwa zonyansa zisanatumizidwe ku ng'anjo kuti zisungunuke mumadzi agalasi osakanikirana ndi kutentha kwambiri pafupifupi madigiri 1500. Panthawi yosungunuka, kusonkhezera kosalekeza kumafunika kuonetsetsa kuti galasi lamadzimadzi liri ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi kuteteza mapangidwe a thovu la mpweya.
Madzi agalasi akazizira mpaka kutentha koyenera, amalowa m'gawo lowumba, lomwe ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri popanga -zomanga ziwiri. Pakadali pano, njira yayikulu imagwiritsa ntchito "njira ziwiri-zoumba": Choyamba, mkati mwa kapu thupi limakanikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito nkhungu. Ikazizira ndi kukhazikika, thupi lamkati la chikho limakhazikika mu nkhungu ina. Kenaka, galasi losungunuka limalowetsedwa mumpata pakati pa zigawo zamkati ndi zakunja, ndikukankhira kunja kwa chikho cha thupi, kuonetsetsa kuti pakati pa zigawo ziwirizo zikhale zolimba ndikupanga chotsekera chomata. Makulidwe a interlayer ayenera kuyendetsedwa ndendende pakati pa 0.3-0.5 mm. Zoonda kwambiri, ndipo zidzakhudza kutentha kwa kutentha; chokhuthala kwambiri, ndipo chidzawonjezera kulemera kwa chikho ndikuchepetsa kukhudza kwake m'manja.
Pambuyo pa kuumba, thupi la chikho liyenera kulowetsedwa mu ng'anjo yotentha. Ili ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera kukhazikika kwagalasi. Thupi la chikho limakhazikika pang'onopang'ono mu ng'anjo yowotchera kuchokera ku 500 digiri mpaka kutentha kwa chipinda, njira yomwe imatha maola 4-6. Cholinga chake ndikuchotsa kupsinjika kwamkati mu galasi ndikuletsa kusweka chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutentha pakagwiritsidwe ntchito motsatira. Pambuyo poumitsa, kapuyo imagwira ntchito movutikira, ikupera bwino, ndi kupukuta bwino kuti achotse zipsera ndi zolakwika m'mphepete ndi m'thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mkombero ukhale wosalala, wozungulira komanso wowoneka bwino, wonyezimira.
Pambuyo kupukuta, thupi la kapu limayesedwa mwamphamvu kwambiri. Oyang'anira adzagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwamphamvu kuti aone ngati pali thovu ndi kung'ambika kwa interlayer, kuyeza kulondola kwa dimensional ndi ma caliper, ndikuyang'ana chidindo poyesa jekeseni wamadzi{1}}zopindika za kapu yagalasi iwiri{2}}zokhala ndi mipanda ziyenera kusungidwa m'malo opanda mpweya; ngati chisindikizo sichili cholimba, kutentha kwa kutentha kumachepa, ndipo nthunzi yamadzi imatha kulowa ndikuyambitsa condensation. Makapu oyenerera adzakongoletsedwanso ndi kusindikiza, zojambulajambula, ndi zokongoletsa zina zapamtunda ngati pakufunika, ndipo potsiriza, pambuyo poyeretsa, kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi kulongedza, akhoza kutumizidwa kumsika.